Case 5
Contributors
Dr.Ambika Gayad, Dr.Basavaraj Biradar
Dr. Radha
Diagnosis
Scurvy
Radiological Findings, Disease course, and Management
Radiograph Of the Left Knee
AP Lateral
Findings
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Bones reveal generalized decrease in density
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Soft tissue density is noted in the lower third of shaft of femur causing elevation of fat planes
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Metaphyseal irregularities with bony spurs oriented perpendicular to the long access of the shaft of femur and tibia (pelkan spurs) noted
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Evidence of increased density in the peripheral margins of epiphysis - ring epiphysis.
Chest Radiograph
AP
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​Findings
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Prominent costochondral junctions noted at the anterior ends of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd ribs on the right side
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Generalized osteopenia noted
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No other abnormality was seen
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High Resolution Ultrasound examination of Left Knee
Findings
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Subperiosteal iso to hypoechoic collection sugestive of subperiosteal hematoma.
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Metaphyseal irregularities with bony spurs.
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No joint effusion
Diagnosis
Scurvy
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Course
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Patient was put on Tab Limcee ½ OD and Aloz drops 0.5ML
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No follow up was available after the first visit
Discussion
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Scurvy is a disease caused by deficiency of Vitamin C
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As a result there is failure in synthesis of collagen and formation of osteoid
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This leads to osteoporosis and spontaneous bleeding
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Onset 6mths to 2years. Rarely occurs in adults
Radiological Findings
Plain Radiographic findings
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Generalized loss of bone density or osteopenia
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Expansion of the costochondral junctions of the first 6 to 8 ribs
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Findings marked in long bone metaphyses
Fractured or deformed
Metaphyseal lucency (Trummerfield zone)
Metaphyseal corner fractures (Pelkan spurs)
Cupping of metaphysis
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Normal calcification in growing cartilage causing dense transverse bands Juxta epiphyseal (Frankels white line)
Around ossific centres of epiphysis (Wimberger's ring sign)
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Subperiosteal hematoma appearing as soft tissue swelling or peri-osseous calcification
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Ultrasound findings
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Bony irregularity
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Bulky subcutaneous plane
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Subperiosteal hemorrhage
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Intramedullary or Periosteal mass
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MRI Findings
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Areas of hemorrhage within bones at the site of fracture and in the periosteum
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Diffuse marrow changes
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Multifocal symmetrical signal abnormalities of affected metaphyses
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Associated marrow enhancement
Differential Diagnosis
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Rickets
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Congenital syphilis
References
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Agarwal, A., Shaharyar, A., Kumar, A., Bhat, M. S., & Mishra, M. (2015). Scurvy in pediatric age group – A disease often forgotten? Retrieved June 15, 2016, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles /PMC4411344/
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Metabolic, Endocrine and Toxic Disorders. (n.d.). Retrieved June 15, 2016, from http://www.isradiology.org/isr/docs_books /diagnostic /Chapter7.pdf
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Scurvy. (n.d.). Retrieved June 15, 2016, from http://www.orthopaedicsone .com/display/Main/Scurvy